Electrical connection for an electric machine in an aircraft turbomachine

ABSTRACT

An aircraft turbine engine includes a gas generator having a longitudinal axis (A), a fan located at an upstream end of the gas generator and configured to turn about said axis, and an electric machine of generally annular shape. The electric machine is coaxially mounted downstream of the fan and has a rotor coupled to rotate with the fan. The electric machine further includes a stator connected to an electronic power circuit by at least one rigid electrically-conductive bar.

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an aircraft turbomachine equipped with an electric machine as well as a method for maintaining this turbomachine.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

The prior art comprises in particular the documents FR-A1-2 842 565, FR-A1-2 896 537 and FR-A1-2 922 265, which describe turbomachines equipped with electric machines.

The aeronautical world is now asking many questions about the relevance of using hybrid engines for commercial aviation. The use of electrical energy is now considered not only to meet the functions of the aircraft but also to electrify the functions of the turbomachine.

This observation leads to the study of hybrid engine architecture solutions, combining fossil energy of the fuel and electrical energy to ensure the driving of the propulsion portion (fan of the turbomachine) and the feeding of certain engine and/or aircraft functions.

These architectures can in particular be based on a high bypass ratio and reducer type architecture, but also on a multiple body architecture (2 or 3). In these architectures, the turbomachine comprises a low-pressure body and a high-pressure body, each body comprising a shaft connecting a rotor of a compressor to a rotor of a turbine.

It is known to equip an aircraft turbomachine with an electric machine. We recall that an electric machine is an electromechanical device based on the electromagnetism allowing the conversion of electrical energy into work or mechanical energy for example. This process is reversible and can be used to produce electricity.

Thus, depending on the final use of a machine, we use the terms of:

-   -   generator to designate an electric machine producing electrical         energy from a mechanical energy,     -   motor for an electric machine producing a mechanical energy from         an electrical energy.

An electric machine can also behave in motor mode as well as in generator mode.

The integration of a high-power electric machine on the low-pressure body of a turbomachine, in particular of the high bypass ratio type, is very complex. Several installation areas are possible but the advantages and the disadvantages of each are numerous and diverse (problem of mechanical integration of the machine, temperature resistance of the machine, accessibility of the machine, etc.).

One solution to this problem would be to integrate the electric machine directly downstream of the fan of the turbomachine. However, one difficulty would be the connection of this machine to the power electronic circuit which is usually located at a distance from the machine.

The use of power harnesses would pose some technical problems in this environment. The large diameter harnesses have very large bending radii, which would not be compatible with this environment. The integration of harnesses would require supports to limit the transmission of vibrations to the surrounding parts and their damage.

The present invention proposes a solution to at least some of the problems discussed above.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention proposes an aircraft turbomachine, comprising:

-   -   a gas generator having a longitudinal axis,     -   a fan located at an upstream end of the gas generator and         configured to rotate about said axis, and     -   an electric machine of general annular shape which is mounted         coaxially downstream of the fan, and which comprises a rotor         rotatably coupled to the fan and a stator,

the fan being configured to generate a main gas flow, a portion of which flows into a primary annular duct of the gas generator to form a primary flow, and another portion of which flows in a secondary annular duct extending between the gas generator and the nacelle casing to form a secondary flow,

the primary duct being delimited by a first and a second annular envelopes coaxial with the gas generator, the primary duct being crossed by straightener bladings, referred to as IGV, for connecting the first and second envelopes, as well as by tubular arms of an inlet casing located downstream of the IGV,

the gas generator comprising a third annular envelope of the gas generator that coaxially surrounds the second envelope, the second and third envelopes being connected together at their upstream ends to form an annular splitter nose for separating the primary and secondary flows,

characterised in that the stator of the electric machine is connected to a power electronic circuit by at least one rigid electrically conductive bar, this bar comprising:

-   -   a first end portion for connecting to the electric machine, this         first end portion being located within the first envelope,     -   a second end portion for connecting to the circuit, this second         end portion being located between the second and third         envelopes, and     -   an intermediate portion extending within one of the tubular arms         of the inlet casing.

The present invention thus proposes a solution for the integration of an electric machine, a first advantage being linked to the fact that in the integration area of this machine, ideally directly downstream of the fan and thus upstream of the compressor or the compressors, the temperatures prevailing there are relatively low and thus optimal for this machine. The rotor of the machine is driven by the fan and is therefore at a relatively low speed, in particular if the turbomachine comprises a reducer. In addition, the machine is located as close as possible to the flow ducts of the flows and has a relatively large diameter and can therefore produce significant power compared to the machines of the prior technologies.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a solution to the problem of electrical connection of the machine in this environment. This connection is ensured by one or more rigid bars which each run through a tubular arm of the inlet casing, i.e. as close as possible to the splitter nose of the primary and secondary flows of the turbomachine.

The turbomachine according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation from each other, or in combination with each other:

-   -   the bar has a general S or Z shape, its intermediate portion         being inclined with respect to each of the end portions by an         angle of between 90° and 180°;     -   the bar has a polygonal and constant cross-section, and can be         twisted;     -   the turbomachine comprises a nacelle casing that surrounds the         gas generator, as well as bladings, referred to as OGV, for         connecting the nacelle casing to said third annular envelope;     -   the nacelle casing defines a secondary flow duct of the         secondary flow around the gas generator;     -   the OGV are located downstream of the IGV arms and substantially         in line with the tubular arms of the inlet casing;     -   said second portion extends substantially in line with one of         the OGV;     -   the gas generator comprises annular flanges for attaching the         OGV that are located between said second and third envelopes, at         least one of these flanges comprise a notch for passage of said         bar;     -   the bar is surrounded by an insulating sheath and comprises a         first end exposed for releasable attachment to an element for         electrical connection to said stator, and a second end exposed         for releasable attachment to a harness for electrical connection         to said circuit;     -   the electric machine is located upstream of said splitter nose;     -   the stator of the electric machine is connected to the power         electronic circuit by a plurality of rigid electrically         conductive bars regularly distributed around said axis;     -   said first end portion is located substantially in line with         said IGV and/or said splitter nose;     -   said power circuit is located between the second and third         envelopes;     -   said tubular arm of the inlet casing comprises an orifice at its         radially internal end which is crossed by said first end         portion, and an internal cavity which is crossed by said         intermediate portion, this internal cavity being closed at its         radially internal end by a sealed wall of the arm;     -   said orifice is formed in an annular attachment flange belonging         to the inlet casing, this flange being configured to attach the         inlet casing to an annular bearing support and/or to said stator         of the machine.

The present invention further relates to a method for maintaining a turbomachine as described above, comprising the steps consisting in:

-   -   disassembling and removing the OGV located in line with this         bar, and     -   disassembling and removing the bar for maintenance.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

The invention will be better understood and further details, characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description made by way of non-limiting example with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view in axial cross-section of an aircraft turbomachine with a high bypass ratio and reducer;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic half-view in axial cross-section of an aircraft turbomachine according to the invention equipped with an electric machine;

FIG. 3 is similar to FIG. 2 and shows an electrical connection bar from a stator of the machine to a power electronic circuit,

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of the turbomachine of FIG. 2 and shows in particular a tubular arm of inlet casing which serves as a passage for the electrical connection bar,

FIG. 5 is another schematic perspective view of a portion of the turbomachine of FIG. 2 and shows in particular the path of the electrical connection bar,

FIGS. 6 a to 6 d are views of a detail of FIG. 3 and illustrate steps in a method for maintaining the turbomachine,

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of the turbomachine in FIG. 2 and illustrates one of the steps of the method for maintaining the turbomachine,

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric harness, and

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an electrical connection bar.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

First, reference is made to FIG. 1 , which schematically represents a double-body and double-flow aircraft turbomachine 10.

The turbomachine 10 conventionally comprises a gas generator 12, upstream of which is arranged a fan 14. The fan 14 is surrounded by a casing 16 which is surrounded by a nacelle 18 that extends around and along a major portion of the gas generator 12.

The gas generator 12 here comprises two bodies, namely a low-pressure body 12 a or LP and a high-pressure body 12 b or HP. Each body comprises a compressor and a turbine.

The terms “upstream” and “downstream” are considered along a main direction F of flow of the gases in the turbomachine 10, this direction F being parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the turbomachine.

From upstream to downstream, the gas generator 12 comprises a low-pressure compressor 20, a high-pressure compressor 22, a combustion chamber 24, a high-pressure turbine 26 and a low-pressure turbine 28.

The fan 14 comprises an annular row of vanes 30 driven in rotation by a fan shaft 32 which is connected to the rotor of the low-pressure body 12 a by means of a reducer 33. The gas flow passing through the fan (arrow F) is separated upstream of the gas generator 12 by an annular splitter nose 34 into a radially internal annular flow, referred to as primary flow 36 that flows in a primary annular duct of the gas generator 12, and a radially external annular flow, referred to as secondary flow 38 that flows in a secondary annular duct between the gas generator 12 and the nacelle 18 and provides most of the thrust for the turbomachine.

An inlet casing 40 structurally connects the gas generator 12 to the casing 16 and to the nacelle 18. The inlet casing 40 comprises an annular row of radially internal arms 42 extending into the flow duct of the primary flow 36, and an annular row of radially external straightener bladings 44, referred to as OGV (acronym for Outer Gear Vane), extending into the flow duct of the secondary flow 38.

The arms 42 are generally limited in number (less than ten) and are tubular and crossed by auxiliaries.

These arms 42 have a structural role because they allow the transmission of forces between the bearing supports and the suspensions. They also have a role of passage of the auxiliaries, allowing to make pass the auxiliaries through the duct by fairing them, thus limiting the aerodynamic losses in the duct. These arms do not have a flow straightening function because they have no camber and are not sufficient in number to carry out this function.

The number of straightener bladings 44 (OGV) is generally higher than ten. They allow to straighten the flow of the fan thanks to a specific number and camber. They also have a structural function because they support the casing around the fan (fan casing).

The flow duct of the primary flow 36 is also crossed by straightener bladings 52, referred to as IGV (acronym for Inner Gear Vane). The IGV 52 are evenly distributed around the axis A and are located upstream of the inlet casing 40 and more precisely upstream of the arms 42. These bladings allow to straighten the flow coming from the fan when it enters the primary duct. They do not have a structural role. They are in sufficient number (for example more than 10) and with a certain camber to straighten the flow of the fan penetrating the primary duct.

The flow duct of the primary flow 36 is delimited by two coaxial annular envelopes, respectively internal 37 a and external 37 b. In particular, the IGV 52 and the arms 42 are connected to these envelopes 37 a, 37 b. The flow duct of the secondary flow 38 is delimited internally by an annular envelope 39 coaxial with the envelopes 37 a, 37 b, and externally by the nacelle casing 16. The OGV 44 are connected to the envelopes 37 b, 39.

Each of the envelopes 37 a, 37 b, 39 may be formed by several adjacent walls or covers.

The rotor of the low-pressure body 12 a as well as the fan shaft 32 are guided upstream by bearings 46, 48 and 50. These bearings 46, 48, 50 are of the ball or roller type and each comprise an internal ring mounted on the shaft to be guided, an external ring carried by an annular bearing support and a roller bearing between the rings.

In a known manner, the reducer 33 is of the epicyclic gear train type and comprises a sun gear centred on the axis A, a ring gear extending around the axis, and planet gears that mesh with the sun gear and the ring gear and are carried by a planet carrier.

In the example shown, the ring gear is stationary and fixedly connected to a support 62 of the bearings 46, 48. The planet carrier is rotatable and coupled by the fan shaft 32. The sun gear of the reducer is coupled by an input shaft 56 to the main shaft 58 of the low-pressure body.

The input shaft 56 is guided by the bearing 50 which is carried by a bearing support 60. The fan shaft 32 is guided by the bearings 46, 48.

The bearing supports 60, 62 extend around the axis A and are stationary parts connected to the stator and in particular to the inlet casing 40.

FIG. 2 is a larger scale, more detailed view of a portion of FIG. 1 , and illustrates an embodiment of a turbomachine according to the invention.

The elements of FIG. 2 that have already been described with reference to FIG. 1 are designated by the same references.

In particular, FIG. 2 shows the area Z between the fan disc 32 a and the reducer 33, in which an electric machine 70 is installed. Only one support 33 a of the ring gear of the reducer 33 is visible in FIG. 2 , this element being connected, for example, to the inlet casing 40 or to the bearing support 62.

The cross-section in the drawing in FIG. 2 passes through one of the IGV 52, which may be full.

The cross-section passes through an OGV 44 as well as through an arm 42 which is tubular for the passage of auxiliaries, as mentioned above. Each arm 42 comprises upstream an edge 42 a and downstream an edge 42 d, respectively leading edge and trailing edge of the primary flow 36.

Each arm 42 comprises an internal cavity 42 c that is closed radially outward by a wall 44 a of the OGV 44. This wall 44 a is formed in one part with the OGV 44 and is attached to annular flanges, respectively upstream 43 a and downstream 43 b, of the inlet casing 40. The cavity 42 c is isolated from the auxiliaries by the wall 42 b.

The internal cavity 42 c of each arm 42 is closed radially inward by an annular wall 40 a of the inlet casing 40. At the upstream end of this wall 40 a, the inlet casing 40 comprises a radially internal annular flange 40 b for attachment of the bearing support 62. At the downstream end of the wall 40 a, the inlet casing 40 comprises a radially internal annular attachment flange 40 c, for example for attaching an annular gutter for recovering oil sprayed by the reducer 33 by centrifuging.

The reducer 33 as well as the bearings 46, 48, 50 visible in FIG. 1 are located in an annular lubrication enclosure E which is sealed upstream by the bearing support 62 and at least one non-visible seal, and downstream by the bearing support 60 and at least one non-visible seal. The external periphery of the enclosure E is sealed in particular by the wall 40 a.

FIG. 2 allows to show that the envelope 37 a mentioned above is formed of several successive walls such as the wall 40 a and an annular shroud 64 located upstream of the wall 40 a and connected to the internal periphery of the IGV 52.

The envelope 37 b is formed by several successive walls and in particular an annular shroud 66 located upstream of the inlet casing 40. This shroud 66 extends around the shroud 64 and is connected to the external periphery of the IGV 52.

The envelope 39 is formed of several successive walls such as the wall 44 a and an annular shroud 68 located upstream of the wall 44 a. This shroud 68 extends around the shroud 66 and the upstream ends of the shrouds 66, 68 are connected together to form the splitter nose 34.

As discussed above, the electric machine 70 is located in an annular area Z, this area Z being delimited here upstream by the fan 14, and in particular the disc 32 for connecting the fan vanes 30 to the fan shaft 32, and downstream by the bearing support 62.

The machine 70 is generally annular in shape and comprises a rotor 70 a and a stator 70 b. The rotor 70 a has a generally annular shape extending about the axis A and is carried by a support element 72 which itself has a generally annular shape.

In the example shown, the support element 72 comprises a cylindrical wall 72 a surrounded by the rotor 70 a and attached to the internal periphery of the latter. The upstream end of this wall 72 a is connected on the one hand to a radially internal annular flange 72 b for attachment to the fan disc 32 a, and on the other hand, to an external annular rim 72 c.

The rim 72 c comprises an internal cylindrical surface 72 d bearing on an external cylindrical surface of the fan 14 so as to ensure the centering of the rotor 70 a. The rim 72 c further comprises external annular wipers 72 e of a labyrinth type seal.

The stator 70 b is also generally annular in shape and is carried by an annular support element 74.

The element 74 comprises an external annular surface 74 a which internally defines the flow duct of the gas flow F, between the fan 14 and the splitter nose 34. The element 74 is attached to the external periphery of the stator 70 b and comprises an upstream end that cooperates, for example by means of an abradable annular coating, with the aforementioned wipers 72 e.

The downstream end of the element 74 is axially aligned with the shroud 64, an upstream peripheral edge of which is axially engaged in an annular gorge 74 b of the element 74. This gorge 74 b is oriented axially downstream. The engagement of the upstream edge of the shroud 64 in the gorge 74 b of the element 74 ensures an overlap and thus avoids a step in the duct which would disturb the flow F.

The downstream end of the element 74 further comprises an annular flange 76 for attaching to the bearing support 62 or to the inlet casing 40. This flange 76 is generally U-shaped in axial cross-section with the opening oriented radially outward. This flange 76 thus defines an annular space X which serves for the electrical connection of the stator 70 b, as will be described in more detail in the following with reference to FIG. 3 in particular. In the example shown, the flange 76 is attached by screws to a flange of the bearing support 62 and to the flange 40 b of the inlet casing.

The element 74 may be formed of a single part, or of two annular and coaxial parts mounted around each other.

One of the particularities of this installation lies in the fact that the electric machine 70 and in particular its stator 70 b is located as close as possible to the main flow F after passing through the fan 14. This allows on the one hand to have an electric machine with a large diameter and thus with a higher potential power than the technologies proposed so far, and on the other hand to have a machine which is cooled by the flow F. Advantageously, the thermal rejections of the electric machine are dissipated by this cooling.

For this purpose, the surface 74 a swept by the flow F preferably has an aerodynamic profile, as shown in the drawing. The element 74 ensures the heat exchange by thermal conduction between the stator 70 b and the flow F.

The stator 70 b is connected by electrical connection means to a power electronic circuit 78 which is located between the two envelopes 37 b, 39 and thus in the gas generator 12.

FIGS. 3 to 5 illustrate an embodiment of these electrical connection means which comprise a rigid bar 80.

Although one or more electric harnesses may additionally be used for the electrical connection of the stator 70 b, at least one rigid bar 80 is used, which provides many advantages.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stator 70 b is connected by a first electric harness 82 c to one end of the bar 80, the opposite end of which is connected by a second electric harness 82 d to the circuit 78. In this case, the cross-section of the core 82 a of each harness 82 c, 82 d is preferably identical or close to the cross-section of the body 80 a of the bar 80. The cross-section of the bar 80 and in particular of its body 80 a is preferably constant over the entire length of the bar.

The bar 80, visible in its entirety in FIG. 7 , is shaped to run from the area Z to the circuit 78. It can have a complex general shape such as L, S, Z, etc.

The bar 80 comprises ends, respectively upstream 84 a and downstream 84 b, which are exposed, i.e. not covered by the sheath 80 b, in order to be able to connect the bar 80 to the harnesses 82 c, 82 d (FIGS. 4, 5 and 7 ).

Each of its ends 84 a, 84 b comprises an orifice 86 for mounting a bolt 88 (screw and nut, or even washer). This bolt 88 is used to attach an end 84 a, 84 b of the bar 80 to the corresponding harness 82 c, 82 d, preferably by means of a lug 90. The lug is connected to one end of the harness and comprises a plate intended to be applied on the corresponding end 84 a, 84 b and to be tightened and attached there by means of the bolt 88 (FIG. 5 ).

The bar 80 can be twisted, as in the example shown (FIG. 7 ), the bar then comprising one of its ends 84 a which extends in a plane P1 (the plane P1 in FIG. 4 passes through the axis A of the turbomachine) and the other of its ends 84 b which extends in a plane P2 perpendicular to the plane P1 (the plane P2 is substantially tangent to a circumference centred on the axis A—FIGS. 5 and 7 ).

The invention proposes a particular path for the bar 80 from the stator 70 b to the circuit 78, and more particularly between the harnesses 82 c, 82 d. Note that in practice, the stator 70 b may be connected by several bars 80 to the circuit 78. These bars 80 are then preferably evenly distributed around the axis A and each connected by harnesses 82 c, 82 d to the stator 70 b and to the circuit 78. The following description for a bar 80 therefore applies to each electrical connection bar from the stator of the electric machine to the power electronic circuit.

In the embodiment represented in FIGS. 3 to 7 , the bar 80 runs through one of the tubular arms 42 of the inlet casing 40, then along the axis A and an OGV 44.

The bar 80 thus has a general Z- or S-shape and comprises:

-   -   a first end portion 80 d comprising the end 84 a for connecting         to the electric machine 70, this first end portion 80 d being         located inside the first envelope 37 a,     -   a second end portion 80 e comprising the end 84 b for connecting         to the circuit 78, this second end portion 80 e being located         between the second and third envelopes 37 b, 39, and     -   an intermediate portion 80 c extending within one of the tubular         arms 42 of the inlet casing 40.

The first portion 80 d is substantially straight and extends substantially parallel to the axis A from the space X to the interior of the cavity 42 c. The end 84 a is located in the aforementioned space X and connected by the bolt 88 to the harness 82 c in this space X. The first portion 80 d passes axially through an orifice 40 d in the upstream flange 40 b of the inlet casing 40. FIG. 3 shows that the wall 40 a extends radially inside the bar 80 and thus inside the orifice 40 d to ensure that the cavity 42 c is sealed from the enclosure E.

The intermediate portion 80 c is inclined at an angle α in the range of 120-150° relative to the first portion 80 d. The portion 80 c extends radially outward from upstream to downstream and can follow the inclination of the arm 42 in which it is housed.

The second portion 80 e is substantially straight and extends substantially parallel to the axis A, up to the circuit 78. To do this, it passes axially through a notch 92 in the downstream flange 43 b of the inlet casing 40. This is an axial notch 92 formed at the external periphery of the attachment flange 43 b of the OGV 44 and shaped so that the bar 80 can run through this notch 92 without interfering with the attachment of the arm 44 to the flange 43 b. FIG. 5 further allows to show that the end 84 b is bent downstream of the flange 43 b to be oriented substantially parallel to that flange.

The intermediate portion 80 c is inclined at an angle β in the range of 120-150° relative to the second portion 80 e.

FIGS. 6 a to 6 d and 7 illustrate steps of a method for maintaining the turbomachine 10.

In the order shown for the steps illustrated in FIGS. 6 a to 6 d , these steps allow for a mounting of the bar 80. It is understood that it is sufficient to repeat these steps in the reverse order to perform a disassembling of the bar 80.

Prior to the first step illustrated in FIGS. 6 a and 6 b , the OGV 44 intended to be located in line with the bar 80 is disassembled and removed.

The bar 80 can then be mounted by first engaging its portion 80 d into the cavity 42 c of the arm 42, through its radially external end which is open.

The end 84 a of the bar 80 must then come as close as possible to the wall 40 a and the orifice 40 d (FIGS. 6 a and 7).

The bar 80 is then inclined so that its opposite end 84 b comes closer to the axis A (FIG. 6 b ). Indeed, to facilitate the previous step of engaging the bar 80 in the cavity 42 c of the arm, the bar had to be inclined substantially radially with respect to the axis A.

The inclination of the bar 80 is continued (FIG. 6 c ) and then the bar can be displaced axially upstream so that its end 84 a passes through the orifice 40 d and is located in the aforementioned space X.

Surrounding elements such as the OGV 44, the shrouds 64-68 and the IGV 52 can then be mounted.

FIG. 8 shows a cross-section of an electric harness 82 that is generally circular in shape and comprises a conductive core 82 a formed by a strand of wires and an insulating external sheath 82 b. FIG. 9 shows an example of embodiment of a bar 80, which comprises a conductive body 80 a preferably having a polygonal shape and for example rectangular in cross-section. The bar 80 further comprises an insulating external sheath 80 b.

The present invention allows to provide many advantages:

-   -   the bar 80 allows, contrary to a harness, very short bending         radii, which, in the environment concerned, is essential; this         allows to limit the thickness of the splitter nose 34 to a         thickness close to that of the bar 80; moreover, the “twistable”         profile of the bar allows to adapt itself according to the area         crossed: radial position (in the plane P1) to enter the arm 42         of the inlet casing 40 and axial position (in the plane P2) at         the level of the OGV 44;     -   the bar 80 is rigid, so there is no risk of vibrations due to         too much flexibility and therefore no need for specific support         in the arms of the inlet casing 40;     -   the path described above is compatible with all the oil         auxiliaries circulating in the arms of the inlet casing 40;         moreover, the walls of the inlet casing 40, and in particular         the walls 40 a and 42 b, isolate the bar 80 from these oil         auxiliaries, which limits the risk of fire;     -   this path avoids the passage of the bar 80 into the oil         enclosure E; this avoids adding a sealing; and     -   the modularity linked to the ease of assembly/disassembly of the         bar 80 by removing only a few parts of the turbomachine.

This invention could be applied to any turbomachine equipped with an electric machine upstream of a structural casing such as an inlet casing or other. 

1. An aircraft turbomachine, comprising: a gas generator having a longitudinal axis (A), a fan located at an upstream end of the gas generator and configured to rotate about said axis, and an electric machine having an annular shape and being mounted coaxially downstream of the fan, and the electric machine comprising a rotor rotatably coupled to the fan, and a stator, the fan being configured to generate a main gas flow (F), a portion of which flows into a primary annular duct of the gas generator to form a primary flow, and another portion of which flows around the gas generator to form a secondary flow, the primary duct being delimited by first and second annular envelopes coaxial with the gas generator, the primary duct being crossed by arms, referred to as IGV, that connect the first and second envelopes, as well as by tubular arms of an inlet casing located downstream of the IGV, the gas generator comprising a third annular envelope that coaxially surrounds the second envelope, the second and third envelopes being connected together at their upstream ends to form an annular splitter nose that separates the primary and secondary flows, wherein the stator of the electric machine is connected to a power electronic circuit by at least one rigid electrically conductive bar, the bar comprising: a first end portion configured to connect to the electric machine, this first end portion being located within the first envelope, a second end portion configured to connect to the circuit, this second end portion being located between the second and third envelopes, and an intermediate portion extending within one of the tubular arms of the inlet casing.
 2. The turbomachine of claim 1, wherein the bar has a S or Z shape, an intermediate bar portion being inclined with respect to each bar end portions portion by an angle (α,β) between 90° and 180°.
 3. The turbomachine of claim 1, wherein the bar has a polygonal and constant cross-section, and is configured to be twisted.
 4. The turbomachine according to claim 1, further comprising a nacelle casing that surrounds the gas generator, as well as bladings, referred to as OGV, configured to connect the nacelle casing to said third annular envelope.
 5. The turbomachine according to claim 4, wherein the gas generator comprises annular flanges configured to attach the OGV that are located between said second and third envelopes, at least one of these flanges comprising a notch for passage of said bar.
 6. The turbomachine according to claim 1, wherein the bar is surrounded by an insulating sheath and comprises a first end exposed and configured to releasable attach to an element for electrical connection to said stator, and a second end exposed and configured to releasable attach to a harness for electrical connection to said circuit.
 7. The turbomachine according to claim 1, wherein the electric machine is located upstream of said splitter nose.
 8. The turbomachine according to claim 1, wherein the stator of the electric machine is connected to the power electronic circuit by a plurality of rigid electrically conductive bars regularly distributed around said axis (A).
 9. The turbomachine according to claim 1, wherein said first end portion is located in line with said IGV and/or said splitter nose.
 10. The turbomachine according to claim 1, wherein said power circuit is located between the second and third envelopes.
 11. The turbomachine according to claim 1, wherein said tubular arm of the inlet casing comprises an orifice at its radially internal end which is crossed by said first end portion, and an internal cavity which is crossed by said intermediate portion, the internal cavity being closed at its radially internal end by a sealed wall of the arm.
 12. The turbomachine of claim 11, wherein said orifice is formed in an annular attachment flange belonging to the inlet casing, the flange being configured to attach the inlet casing to an annular bearing support and/or to said stator of the machine.
 13. A method for maintaining a turbomachine according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: disassembling and removing the OGV located in line with the bar, and disassembling and removing the bar for maintenance. 